Centrifugal breakout reconnection as the electron acceleration mechanism powering the radio magnetospheres of early-type stars

Date
2022-04-27
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Abstract
Magnetic B-stars often exhibit circularly polarized radio emission thought to arise from gyrosynchrotron emission by energetic electrons trapped in the circumstellar magnetosphere. Recent empirical analyses show that the onset and strength of the observed radio emission scale with both the magnetic field strength and the stellar rotation rate. This challenges the existing paradigm that the energetic electrons are accelerated in the current sheet between opposite-polarity field lines in the outer regions of magnetized stellar winds, which includes no role for stellar rotation. Building on recent success in explaining a similar rotation-field dependence of H α line emission in terms of a model in which magnetospheric density is regulated by centrifugal breakout (CBO), we examine here the potential role of the associated CBO-driven magnetic reconnection in accelerating the electrons that emit the observed gyrosynchrotron radio. We show in particular that the theoretical scalings for energy production by CBO reconnection match well the empirical trends for observed radio luminosity, with a suitably small, nearly constant conversion efficiency ϵ ≈ 10−8. We summarize the distinct advantages of our CBO scalings over previous associations with an electromotive force, and discuss the potential implications of CBO processes for X-rays and other observed characteristics of rotating magnetic B-stars with centrifugal magnetospheres.
Description
This article has been accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society © 2022 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. The version of record is available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac341
Keywords
magnetic reconnection, stars: early type, stars: magnetic field, stars: rotation, radio continuum: stars
Citation
S P Owocki, M E Shultz, A ud-Doula, P Chandra, B Das, P Leto, Centrifugal breakout reconnection as the electron acceleration mechanism powering the radio magnetospheres of early-type stars, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 513, Issue 1, June 2022, Pages 1449–1458, https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac341