NF-κB as an Inducible Regulator of Inflammation in the Central Nervous System
Date
2024-03-11
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Cells
Abstract
The NF-κB (nuclear factor K-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) transcription factor family is critical for modulating the immune proinflammatory response throughout the body. During the resting state, inactive NF-κB is sequestered by IκB in the cytoplasm. The proteasomal degradation of IκB activates NF-κB, mediating its translocation into the nucleus to act as a nuclear transcription factor in the upregulation of proinflammatory genes. Stimuli that initiate NF-κB activation are diverse but are canonically attributed to proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Downstream effects of NF-κB are cell type-specific and, in the majority of cases, result in the activation of pro-inflammatory cascades. Acting as the primary immune responders of the central nervous system, microglia exhibit upregulation of NF-κB upon activation in response to pathological conditions. Under such circumstances, microglial crosstalk with other cell types in the central nervous system can induce cell death, further exacerbating the disease pathology. In this review, we will emphasize the role of NF-κB in triggering neuroinflammation mediated by microglia.
Description
This article was originally published in Cells. The version of record is available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13060485. © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).
Sudha Anilkumar and this research was featured in UDaily on 5/13/2024 at: https://www.udel.edu/udaily/2024/may/goldwater-scholarship-2024-stem-biomedical-engineering-sudha-anilkumar/
Keywords
NF-κB, inflammation, microglia
Citation
Anilkumar, Sudha, and Elizabeth Wright-Jin. 2024. "NF-κB as an Inducible Regulator of Inflammation in the Central Nervous System" Cells 13, no. 6: 485. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13060485