Understanding Impacts of SNAP Fruit and Vegetable Incentive Program at Farmers’ Markets: Findings from a 13 State RCT

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Author(s)Karpyn, Allison
Author(s)Pon, Julia
Author(s)Grajeda, Sara B.
Author(s)Wang, Rui
Author(s)Merritt, Kathryn E.
Author(s)Tracy, Tara
Author(s)May, Henry
Author(s)Sawyer-Morris, Ginnie
Author(s)Halverson, McKenna M.
Author(s)Hunt, Alan
Date Accessioned2023-09-28T14:48:28Z
Date Available2023-09-28T14:48:28Z
Publication Date2022-06-17
DescriptionThis article was originally published in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. The version of record is available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127443. Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
AbstractDisparities in healthy food access and consumption are a major public health concern. This study reports the findings from a two-year randomized control trial conducted at 77 farmers’ markets (FMs) in 13 states and the District of Columbia that sought to understand the impact of fruit and vegetable (FV) incentive vouchers, randomly issued at varied incentive levels to Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) recipients, for use at FMs. Measures included FV and overall household food purchasing; FV consumption; food insecurity; health status; market expenditure; and demographics. A repeated-measures mixed-effects analysis and the Complier Average Causal Effect (CACE) were used to examine outcomes. Despite 82% reporting food insecurity in the prior year, the findings showed that financial incentives at FMs had statistically significant, positive effects on FV consumption; market expenditures increased with added incentives. SNAP recipients receiving an incentive of USD 0.40 for every USD 1.00 in SNAP spent an average of USD 19.03 per transaction, while those receiving USD 2 for every USD 1 (2:1) spent an average of USD 36.28 per transaction. The data showed that the incentive program at the highest level (2:1) maximally increased SNAP FM expenditure and FV consumption, increasing the latter by 0.31 daily cups among those who used their incentive (CACE model).
SponsorThis research was funded in part by three US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Insecurity Nutrition Incentive grants: (1) Grant # 2015–70018–23350: Ladder for Growth: A National Network to Build Capacity and Test Innovative Strategies for Healthy Food Incentives; (2) Grant # 2015–70018–23350: Fresh Access Bucks: Increasing Food Access and Florida Farmer Sales at Markets Statewide; and (3) Grant # 2016–70025–25227: Incentivizing Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in the Big Apple.
CitationKarpyn, Allison, Julia Pon, Sara B. Grajeda, Rui Wang, Kathryn E. Merritt, Tara Tracy, Henry May, Ginnie Sawyer-Morris, McKenna M. Halverson, and Alan Hunt. 2022. "Understanding Impacts of SNAP Fruit and Vegetable Incentive Program at Farmers’ Markets: Findings from a 13 State RCT" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 12: 7443. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127443
ISSN1660-4601
URLhttps://udspace.udel.edu/handle/19716/33335
Languageen_US
PublisherInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Keywordsfarmers’ markets
Keywordsfruits and vegetables
Keywordsincentive programs
KeywordsSupplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)
Keywordslow-income
Keywordsfood security
Keywordszero hunger
TitleUnderstanding Impacts of SNAP Fruit and Vegetable Incentive Program at Farmers’ Markets: Findings from a 13 State RCT
TypeArticle
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