A scaling relationship for non-thermal radio emission from ordered magnetospheres: from the top of the main sequence to planets Get access Arrow

Abstract
In this paper, we present the analysis of incoherent non-thermal radio emission from a sample of hot magnetic stars, ranging from early-B to early-A spectral type. Spanning a wide range of stellar parameters and wind properties, these stars display a commonality in their radio emission which presents new challenges to the wind scenario as originally conceived. It was thought that relativistic electrons, responsible for the radio emission, originate in current sheets formed, where the wind opens the magnetic field lines. However, the true mass-loss rates from the cooler stars are too small to explain the observed non-thermal broad-band radio spectra. Instead, we suggest the existence of a radiation belt located inside the inner magnetosphere, similar to that of Jupiter. Such a structure explains the overall indifference of the broad-band radio emissions on wind mass-loss rates. Further, correlating the radio luminosities from a larger sample of magnetic stars with their stellar parameters, the combined roles of rotation and magnetic properties have been empirically determined. Finally, our sample of early-type magnetic stars suggests a scaling relationship between the non-thermal radio luminosity and the electric voltage induced by the magnetosphere’s co-rotation, which appears to hold for a broader range of stellar types with dipole-dominated magnetospheres (like the cases of the planet Jupiter and the ultracool dwarf stars and brown dwarfs). We conclude that well-ordered and stable rotating magnetospheres share a common physical mechanism for supporting the generation of non-thermal electrons.
Description
This article has been accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society © 2021 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. The version of record is available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab2168
Keywords
magnetic reconnection, planets and satellites: magnetic fields, stars: early-type, stars: late-type, stars: magnetic field, radio continuum: stars
Citation
P Leto, C Trigilio, J Krtička, L Fossati, R Ignace, M E Shultz, C S Buemi, L Cerrigone, G Umana, A Ingallinera, C Bordiu, I Pillitteri, F Bufano, L M Oskinova, C Agliozzo, F Cavallaro, S Riggi, S Loru, H Todt, M Giarrusso, N M Phillips, J Robrade, F Leone, A scaling relationship for non-thermal radio emission from ordered magnetospheres: from the top of the main sequence to planets, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 507, Issue 2, October 2021, Pages 1979–1998, https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab2168