Browsing by Author "Caccese, Jaclyn B."
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Item Contact or Collision Sport History, Repetitive Neurotrauma, and Patient-Reported Outcomes in Early to Midadulthood(Journal of Athletic Training, 2023-12-18) Hunzinger, Katherine J.; Caccese, Jaclyn B.; Mannix, Rebekah; Meehan, William P.; Swanik, C. Buz; Buckley, Thomas A.Context Data on the early to midlife effects of repetitive neurotrauma on patient-reported outcomes have been delimited to homogeneous samples of male athletes without comparison groups or accounting for modifying factors such as physical activity. Objective To determine the effect of contact or collision sport participation and repetitive neurotrauma on patient-reported outcomes among early to middle-aged adults. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants A total of 113 adults (53 [46.9%] men, 60 [53.1%] women; age = 34.88 ± 11.80 years) in 4 groups: (1) physically inactive individuals with no repetitive head impact (RHI) exposure (NON); (2) noncontact sport athletes and nonathletes with no RHI exposure who were currently physically active (NCA); (3) former high-risk sport athletes with an RHI history who were physically active (HRS); and (4) former rugby players with prolonged RHI exposure who remained physically active. Main Outcome Measure(s) The 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12), Apathy Evaluation Scale–self-rated version (AES-S), Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), and Sport Concussion Assessment Tool–5th Edition (SCAT5) Symptom and Symptom Severity Checklist. Results The NON group had worse self-rated physical function than the NCA group as assessed by the SF-12 physical component summary (P = .03) and worse self-rated apathy (AES-S) and satisfaction with life (SWLS) than the NCA (P = .03 for both) and HRS groups (P = .03 and P = .040, respectively). We observed no group differences for self-rated mental health (SF-12 mental component summary; P = .26) or symptoms (SCAT5; P = .42). Career duration was not associated with any patient-reported outcomes. Conclusions A history of contact or collision sport participation and career duration did not negatively affect patient-reported outcomes in physically active, early to middle-aged adults. However, physical inactivity status was negatively associated with patient-reported outcomes in these individuals in the absence of an RHI history. Key Points - The midlife and later-life effects of repetitive head impacts paired with physical activity on patient-reported outcomes need to be elucidated. - Contact or collision sport participation and career duration were unrelated to worse patient-reported outcomes in early to midadulthood among physically active individuals. - Physical inactivity may be a more important modifier of patient-reported outcomes in early to midadulthood than repetitive neurotrauma exposure.Item Effects of contact/collision sport history on gait in early- to mid-adulthood(Journal of Sport and Health Science, 2023-05-01) Hunzinger, Katherine J.; Caccese, Jaclyn B.; Mannix, Rebekah; Meehan, William P. III; Hafer, Jocelyn F.; Swanik, C. Buz; Buckley, Thomas A.Background: To determine the effect of contact/collision sport participation on measures of single-task (ST) and dual-task (DT) gait among early- to middle-aged adults. Methods: The study recruited 113 adults (34.88 ± 11.80 years, (mean ± SD); 53.0% female) representing 4 groups. Groups included (a) former non-contact/collision athletes and non-athletes who are not physically active (n = 28); (b) former non-contact/collision athletes who are physically active (n = 29); (c) former contact/collision sport athletes who participated in high-risk sports and are physically active (n = 29); and (d) former rugby players with prolonged repetitive head impact exposure history who are physically active (n = 27). Gait parameters were collected using inertial measurement units during ST and DT gait. DT cost was calculated for all gait parameters (double support, gait speed, and stride length). Groups were compared first using one-way analysis of covariance. Then a multiple regression was performed for participants in the high-risk sport athletes and repetitive head impact exposure athletes groups only to predict gait outcomes from contact/collision sport career duration. Results: There were no significant differences between groups on any ST, DT, or DT cost outcomes (p > 0.05). Contact/collision sport duration did not predict any ST, DT, or DT cost gait outcomes. Conclusion: Years and history of contact/collision sport participation does not appear to negatively affect or predict neurobehavioral function in early- to mid-adulthood among physically active individuals. Graphical abstract available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2022.12.004Item Effects of Pre-Collegiate Sport Specialization on Cognitive, Postural, and Psychological Functions: Findings from the NCAA-DoD CARE Consortium(International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022-02-18) Chou, Tsung-Yeh; Caccese, Jaclyn B.; Huang, Yu-Lun; Glutting, Joseph J.; Buckley, Thomas A.; Broglio, Steven P.; McAllister, Thomas W.; McCrea, Michael A.; Pasquina, Paul F.; Kaminski, Thomas W.Background: Early sport specialization has been associated with an increased risk of musculoskeletal injuries and unfavorable psychological outcomes; however, it is unknown whether sport specialization is associated with worse cognitive, postural, and psychological functions in first-year collegiate student-athletes. Methods: First-year collegiate multisport (MA) and single-sport (SA) student-athletes were identified using a pre-collegiate sport experience questionnaire. The cognitive, postural, and psychological functions were assessed by the Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT), Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC), Balance Error Scoring System (BESS), and Brief Symptom Inventory 18 (BSI-18). Results: MA student-athletes performed higher in cognitive outcomes (e.g., higher ImPACT visual memory composite scores [ß = 0.056, p < 0.001]), but had higher psychological distress (e.g., higher BSI-18 global severity index [ß = 0.057, p < 0.001]) and no difference in postural stability (p > 0.05) than SA student-athletes. Conclusions: This study indicated first-year collegiate athletes with a history of sport specialization demonstrate lower cognitive performance but decreased psychological distress and no differences in static postural stability as compared to their MA counterparts. Future studies should consider involving different health measures to better understand the influence of sport specialization on overall physical and mental health.Item Head acceleration across youth, high school, and collegiate soccer players(University of Delaware, 2016) Caccese, Jaclyn B.Soccer is the most popular sport worldwide with over 265 million active players. Soccer is unique in that you can use your head to advance the ball and purposeful heading is an integral part of the game. However, some have suggested that repeated heading of the soccer ball is associated with neurological deficits, though others have claimed that deficits are related to multiple head injuries. Still others have observed no neurological deficits. Ultimately, these studies are limited in that they often examine small, homogenous populations. With over 3 million youth soccer players and nearly 1 million high school soccer players competing across the United States each year, more research is needed to determine the risk associated with repeated purposeful heading, particularly among youth and high school athletes. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare head acceleration during purposeful soccer heading across age and gender, determine what factors predict higher head acceleration values, and investigate acute changes in vestibular/ocular function and postural control with purposeful soccer heading. At the collegiate and high school levels, female soccer players exhibited higher head accelerations than their male counterparts, suggesting that if female soccer players experience a similar number of headers as their male counterparts, females may be exposed to greater cumulative head accelerations from repeated heading of a soccer ball over a career of soccer. Greater neck girth, head-neck segment mass, and neck strength predicted lower peak linear and rotational acceleration and may have contributed to the observed gender differences. On average, soccer players presented with higher sway velocity post-heading compared to control participants, but no other group deficits in postural control or vestibular/ocular function were observed.