Innate immune pathway modulator screen identifies STING pathway activation as a strategy to inhibit multiple families of arbo and respiratory viruses
Date
2023-05-16
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Cell Reports Medicine
Abstract
Highlights:
• Screen identifies innate immune agonists blocking multiple families of RNA viruses
• Dectin-1 and cGAS-STING pathway agonists exhibit broader antiviral activity
• STING activator cAIMP blocks ZIKV, WNV, CHIKV, EV-D68, and SARS-CoV-2 infections
• cAIMP provides protection against CHIKV-mediated chronic arthritis in mouse model
Summary:
RNA viruses continue to remain a threat for potential pandemics due to their rapid evolution. Potentiating host antiviral pathways to prevent or limit viral infections is a promising strategy. Thus, by testing a library of innate immune agonists targeting pathogen recognition receptors, we observe that Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), stimulator of interferon genes (STING), TLR8, and Dectin-1 ligands inhibit arboviruses, Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), West Nile virus, and Zika virus to varying degrees. STING agonists (cAIMP, diABZI, and 2′,3′-cGAMP) and Dectin-1 agonist scleroglucan demonstrate the most potent, broad-spectrum antiviral function. Furthermore, STING agonists inhibit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and enterovirus-D68 (EV-D68) infection in cardiomyocytes. Transcriptome analysis reveals that cAIMP treatment rescue cells from CHIKV-induced dysregulation of cell repair, immune, and metabolic pathways. In addition, cAIMP provides protection against CHIKV in a chronic CHIKV-arthritis mouse model. Our study describes innate immune signaling circuits crucial for RNA virus replication and identifies broad-spectrum antivirals effective against multiple families of pandemic potential RNA viruses.
Graphical abstract available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101024
Description
This article was originally published in Cell Reports Medicine. The version of record is available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101024. © 2023 The Authors.
Keywords
Citation
Garcia, Gustavo, Joseph Ignatius Irudayam, Arjit Vijey Jeyachandran, Swati Dubey, Christina Chang, Sebastian Castillo Cario, Nate Price, et al. “Innate Immune Pathway Modulator Screen Identifies STING Pathway Activation as a Strategy to Inhibit Multiple Families of Arbo and Respiratory Viruses.” Cell Reports Medicine 4, no. 5 (May 16, 2023): 101024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101024.