Preliminary Papers
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Browsing Preliminary Papers by Subject "behavior"
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Item Disasters Are Different, Therefore Planning For And Managing Them Requires Innovative As Well As Traditional Behaviors(Disaster Research Center, 1995) Quarantelli, E. L.Our major overall theme is that since disasters, as a whole, differ significantly from even everyday emergencies, to plan for and to manage them requires new or innovative as well as traditional behaviors. We discuss this general theme by organizing our remarks around ten general points, with four about the nature of disasters and four about the planning and managing processes required to deal effectively and efficiently with the crises created by such social occasions. (1) Unlike in the past, our knowledge about disasters is now research based; Nature of Disasters: (2) Risks and hazards are myriad and everywhere, but relatively few of them result in crisis situations; (3) Crises and everyday emergencies create different social occasions; (4) Crisis occasions can be conflictive or consensus ones; (5) The consensus crises that are suddenly disruptive of ongoing social life are disasters, either of a major or catastrophic nature; Planning for and Managing Disasters: (6) A problem solving rather than a command and control model of planning and managing is more realistic. (7) Disaster planning and managing are different social processes; (8) Planning is not enough, it has to be good planning, the major characteristics of which are known; (9) Good managing particularly has to deal with the organizational heterogeneity that is distinctive of the crisis time period of disasters; and (10) Social change in societies is a constant that will affect future disasters as well as planning for and managing them.Item Emergent Behaviors and Groups in the Crisis Time Periods of Disaster(Disaster Research Center, 1994) Quarantelli, E. L.This paper summarizes a sociological study of emergent behaviors and groups in the crisis time periods of disasters. It is noted that while emergent social phenomena has been observed by disaster researchers since the initial development of the field in the 1950s, the topic has not been systematically studied until recently. Building on an earlier sociologically grounded fourfold typology of organized behavior in disasters developed by the Disaster Research Center (DRC), the research we undertook focused on the full range of emergent social phenomena that could appear. The most important finding was that even in organizations and groups that were not emergent, there was nonetheless considerable behavioral emergence. This observation is used to develop a new typology of emergence that places emergent behaviors with the same analytical framework as emergent groups. Although our research focused on the characteristics of emergent phenomena, we also advance some general hypotheses about the social factors involved in emergence. Among final concluding remarks is the observation that although the sociological subfield of collective behavior has both informed and been informed by disaster research on emergence, an even stronger link would be desirable.Item Helping Behavior in Large Scale Disasters: A Social Organizational Approach(Disaster Research Center, 1977) Dynes, Russell R.; Quarantelli, E. L.Item Human And Group Behavior In the Emergency Period Of Disasters: Now And In The Future(Disaster Research Center, 1993) Quarantelli, E. L.Item Organizational Adaptation to Crises: Mechanisms of Coordination and Structural Change(Disaster Research Center, 1976-11) Dynes, Russell R.; Aguirre, Benigno E.