Browsing by Author "Wang, Yongqiang"

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    Adseverin, an actin-binding protein, modulates hypertrophic chondrocyte differentiation and osteoarthritis progression
    (Science Advances, 2023-08-04) Chan, Byron; Glogauer, Michael; Wang, Yongqiang; Wrana, Jeffrey; Chan, Kin; Beier, Frank; Bali, Supinder; Hinz, Boris; Parreno, Justin; Ashraf, Sajjad; Kandel, Rita
    In osteoarthritis (OA), a disease characterized by progressive articular cartilage degradation and calcification, the articular chondrocyte phenotype changes and this correlates with actin cytoskeleton alterations suggesting that it regulates gene expression essential for proper phenotype. This study reports that OA is associated with the loss of adseverin, an actin capping and severing protein. Adseverin deletion (Adseverin−/−) in mice compromised articular chondrocyte function, by reducing F-actin and aggrecan expression and increasing apoptosis, Indian hedgehog, Runx2, MMP13, and collagen type X expression, and cell proliferation. This led to stiffer cartilage and decreased hyaline and increased calcified cartilage thickness. Together, these changes predisposed the articular cartilage to enhanced OA severity in Adseverin−/− mice who underwent surgical induction of OA. Adseverin−/− chondrocyte RNA sequencing and in vitro studies together suggests that adseverin modulates cell viability and prevents mineralization. Thus, adseverin maintains articular chondrocyte phenotype and cartilage tissue homeostasis by preventing progression to hypertrophic differentiation in vivo. Adseverin may be chondroprotective and a potential therapeutic target.
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    Health conscious energy management strategies for fuel cell/battery hybrid vehicles
    (University of Delaware, 2020) Wang, Yongqiang
    There have been many efforts to combat climate change to provide a sustainable future. Fuel cell vehicles can reduce emissions for the transportation sector as their only by-product is water. One major barrier towards commercialization is the cost of fuel cell stacks. Extending the operating life of fuel cells can lower their overall cost. Thus it is important to study the effects of degradation when designing fuel cell/battery hybrid vehicles. We have collected test data from the University of Delaware’s latest fuel cell bus by implementing two-way on-board communication systems. A vehicle model was built in MATLAB based on the collected data. Various options including health conscious energy management strategies(offline and real-time) and system sizing were explored in this study to reduce the degradation of fuel cell stacks and batteries to improve their lifetime. ☐ A detailed model of the polarization curve of a fuel cell stack is presented. The time- evolving polarization curve indicates the performance decay of the fuel cell over its lifetime. The performance decay is based on the decrease of electrochemical surface area (ECSA) which is mainly caused by catalyst (Platinum) dissolution. Different degradation factors affecting ECSA reduction were considered and included as additional costs in the power management strategies besides fuel and electricity consumption. The degradation models have been validated against data from the literature to provide an accurate estimate of the lifetime of the hybrid system. We have shown that adding degradation can dramatically change the behavior of power management strategies and affect the optimal sizing between fuel cell and battery for a known drive cycle. Two different real-time strategies, rule-based and model predictive control (MPC)-based, were compared to show that the rule-based strategy actually outperforms MPC. This work represents a comprehensive framework for incorporating degradation into the power management strategies of fuel cell/battery hybrid vehicles, from degradation models to sizing and real-time implementation. We have obtained valuable insights regarding design and energy management strategies of fuel cell vehicles to help future researchers and bring us one step closer towards commercialization of fuel cell vehicles.