Browsing by Author "Jing, Yiming"
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Item How interpersonal trust is developed from social exchange: possible mechanisms and cultural differences(University of Delaware, 2015) Jing, YimingA mediation model is proposed to explain the development of dyadic trust (i.e., trust between two partners) wherein the quality of affective exchange (i.e., exchange fulfilling people's need for interpersonal affection) mediates the contribution of instrumental exchange (i.e., exchange fulfilling people's pragmatic needs). Moreover, some cultural boundary-conditions of this model are hypothesized when comparing Western and Confucian cultures. In one cross-sectional survey (142 American undergraduates, and 126 Chinese undergraduates), daily relationship data supports the mediation model in both cultural groups. However, Chinese trust building is more affectively based compared to American trust building, whereas American trust building is more instrumentally based compared to Chinese trust building. Two experimental studies utilizing a repeated trust game (116 American undergraduates and 123 Chinese undergraduates) further validate a critical, temporal mediation mechanism of the model for trust development, showing that this mechanism works similarly for both cultural groups in the laboratory setting. Lastly, Chinese participants compared to American participants tend to exhibit greater partner trust and lesser inequity aversion towards unbalanced exchange outcomes, whether self-advantaging or self-disadvantaging, in the repeated trust game. This cultural difference can be attributed to different cultural norms of reciprocity. The findings have important practical implications for business and management processes concerning marketing, negotiation, conflict resolution, and workplace relationships.Item War or Peace? How the Subjective Perception of Great Power Interdependence Shapes Preemptive Defensive Aggression(Frontiers Media S.A, 2017-06-02) Jing, Yiming; Gries, Peter H.; Li, Yang; Stivers, Adam W.; Mifune, Nobuhiro; Kuhlman, D. M.; Bai, Liying; Yiming Jing, Peter H. Gries, Yang Li , Adam W. Stivers , Nobuhiro Mifune , D. M. Kuhlman and Liying Bai; Kuhlman, D. M.Why do great powers with benign intentions end up fighting each other in wars they do not seek? We utilize an incentivized, two-person “Preemptive Strike Game” (PSG) to explore how the subjective perception of great power interdependence shapes defensive aggression against persons from rival great powers. In Study 1, college students from the United States (N D 115), China (N D 106), and Japan (N D 99) made PSG decisions facing each other. This natural experiment revealed that Chinese and Japanese participants (a) made more preemptive attacks against each other and Americans than against their compatriots, and that (b) greater preexisting perceptions of bilateral competition increased intergroup attack rates. In Study 2, adult Americans (N D 127) watched real CNN expert interviews portraying United States–China economic interdependence as more positive or negative. This randomized experiment revealed that the more positive portrayal reduced preemptive American strikes against Chinese (but not Japanese), while the more negative portrayal amplified American anger about China’s rise, increasing preemptive attacks against Chinese. We also found, however, that preemptive strikes were primarily defensive and not offensive. Interventions to reduce defensive aggression and promote great power peace are discussed.