Institutional Repository
The UDSpace Institutional Repository collects and disseminates research material from the University of Delaware.
- Faculty, staff, and graduate students can deposit their research material directly into UDSpace. Faculty may use UDSpace to fulfill the University of Delaware Faculty Senate Open Access Resolution, and in many cases may use it to fulfill open access requirements from grant funding agencies.
- Departments can use UDSpace to publish or distribute their working papers, technical reports, or other research material.
- UDSpace also includes all doctoral dissertations from winter 2014 forward, and all master's theses from fall 2009 forward.
To learn more about UDSpace, and how you can make your research openly accessible to the public, visit our UDSpace Policies website.
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Recent Submissions
THE EFFECT OF BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN-2 AND CASEIN KINASE 2.3 ON OSTEOCLAST ACTIVITY WITHIN OSTEOPOROTIC AND OSTEOARTHRITIC PATIENTS
(University of Delaware, 2023-05) MacMurray, Connor
Osteoporosis (OP) is a debilitating disease characterized by low bone mineral
density (BMD) resulting from an imbalance between two types of bone cells:
osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Osteoblasts synthesize bone while osteoclasts resorb bone.
Although OP affects one in four women and one in five men over the age of fifty,
there are few treatments and no cure. One anabolic treatment that has been approved
by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is recombinant human Bone
Morphogenetic Protein-2 (rhBMP-2). BMP-2 is a growth factor which activates
canonical and non-canonical Smad signaling and leads to increased bone
mineralization. However, there are various side-effects with this drug and it has been
established that primary osteoblasts isolated from OP patients are unresponsive to
BMP-2 stimulation. A novel peptide, Casein Kinase 2.3 (CK2.3), was developed to
utilize the BMP-2 signaling pathway without exogenous BMP-2. This peptide
increases bone mineralization and decreases osteoclast activity in mouse models and
cell lines. However, in humans, its effects on osteoclasts are unknown. To further
explore this, bone marrow cells were isolated from femoral heads of patients that
underwent hip replacement surgery. The cells were differentiated with Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (M-CSF) and Receptor Activator of Nuclear Kappa-B
Ligand (RANKL). The presence of osteoclasts was confirmed using a Tartrate
Resistant Acid Phosphatase (TRAP) staining kit along with a hematoxylin stain. This
experiment was conducted first in order to construct a functional model of isolating
viable osteoclasts from human patients. Following this experiment, BMP-2 and CK2.3
were added to experimental groups following M-CSF stimulation. BMP-2 was shown
to increase osteoclastogenesis within osteoarthritic and osteoporotic patients while
CK2.3 decreased osteogenesis. These findings support the notion that CK2.3 could be
used as a potential therapeutic for osteoporosis as it effectively reduces
osteoclastogenesis.
What Does Research Say About the Science of Reading for K-5 Multilingual Learners? A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews
(Educational Psychology Review, 2024-09-12) Kittle, Jonathan M.; Amendum, Steven J.; Budde, Christina M.
The science of reading (SOR) refers to the sum of what we know about how people learn to read based on empirical studies across multiple disciplines. The purpose of this review was to identify research evidence to inform the SOR for multilingual learners (MLs). We reviewed 30 systematic reviews related to reading and reading instruction for MLs conducted primarily in K-5 U.S. classrooms. Results identified four broad clusters of components related to English reading comprehension as well as instructional practices and programs effective in addressing each component. Clusters included oral language, phonological awareness, decoding and oral reading fluency, and reading comprehension. Notably, oral language and reading skills in both MLs’ first language and in English were essential components of the SOR for MLs. Implications for theory and research as well as policy, curriculum, and instruction are provided.
Glycolysis Can Be Fun: Rediscovering Glycolysis as a Problem-Solving Introduction to Metabolism
(CourseSource, 2024-08-19) Genova, Lauren A.; Procko, Kristen; Grimes, Catherine L.; Williams, Caroline; Cornely, Kathleen; Shor, Audrey; Greene, Amy Styer; Bibel, Brianna; Kumar, Sanjana V.; White, Harold B.
A thorough understanding of glycolysis forms a foundation for students to analyze subsequent topics in metabolism, a core competency recognized by multiple national societies for biology and biochemistry. However, when confronted with the names of over ten chemicals and enzymes, along with various energy inputs and outputs, students can regard glycolysis as a daunting memorization task. Here we describe a card sorting activity in which small groups of students work out the steps of the glycolysis pathway before any lectures on the topic. They examine the chemical structures of glycolytic intermediates and deduce their logical order. Subsequent analysis of the reactions and the role of cofactors and substrates is reinforced with a POGIL worksheet. In the process, the students engage in productive discussions of topics often introduced didactically in lecture. The activity was implemented at six different institutions in small (~12 students) and large classrooms (100+ students), and can be adapted to hybrid/online formats. This highly engaging exercise has been well-received by students and instructors in various undergraduate course contexts.
Royalty statements, 1944-1953
(University of Delaware Library, Museums and Press, 1944) Young, Pauline A.
Pauline Young notes, undated
(University of Delaware Library, Museums and Press, 1111) Young, Pauline A.