Association between dietary sodium intake and bone mineral density in an urban population of African Americans
Date
2013
Authors
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Publisher
University of Delaware
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a public health concern due to the increasing number of adults
over age 65 years, particularly among under screened urban, minority populations. High
amounts of dietary sodium intake have been associated with a decrease in bone mineral
density, but the results have been mixed, largely cross-sectional, and mostly examined in
postmenopausal Caucasian women. The objective of this thesis was to examine the
relationship between mean dietary sodium and calcium intakes and the change in bone
mineral density from a sample of the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity
Across the Life Span study prospective cohort between baseline (2004-2009) and wave 3
(first follow-up examination, 2009-2011) data collections. Nutrient intakes were
estimated using two 24-hour dietary recalls collected using the Automated Multiple Pass
Method, and bone mineral density was measured using duel energy x-ray absorptiometry
at the total hip and lumbar spine. Data were analyzed using mixed models stratified by
sex (SAS version 9.2). There was a significant inverse association between dietary
sodium and bone mineral density of African American women at the hip site (-0.00002,
P<0.05). However, the absolute bone density lost at the hip site of African American
women between baseline and wave 3 (first follow-up examination) was not significant.
Further research is needed using more than two data collection time points and a larger sample of the cohort to enhance the modeling of dietary sodium intake and its effect on
bone mineral density.
Description
Keywords
Bone density, Dietary sodium, Dietary calcium, Urban African American