RNA-Seq Analysis of Abdominal Fat in Genetically Fat and Lean Chickens Highlights a Divergence in Expression of Genes Controlling Adiposity, Hemostasis, and Lipid Metabolism

Author(s)Resnyk, Christopher W.
Author(s)Chen, Chuming
Author(s)Huang, Hongzhan
Author(s)Wu, Cathy H.
Author(s)Simon, Jean
Author(s)Le Bihan-Duval, Elisabeth
Author(s)Duclos, Michel J.
Author(s)Cogburn, Larry A.
Ordered AuthorChristopher W. Resnyk, Chuming Chen, Hongzhan Huang, Cathy H. Wu, Jean Simon, Elisabeth Le Bihan-Duval, Michel J. Duclos, Larry A. Cogburn
UD AuthorResnyk, Christopher W.en_US
UD AuthorChen, Chumingen_US
UD AuthorHuang, Hongzhanen_US
UD AuthorWu, Cathy H.en_US
UD AuthorCogburn, Larry A.en_US
Date Accessioned2016-04-25T14:39:48Z
Date Available2016-04-25T14:39:48Z
Copyright DateCopyright © 2015 Resnyk et al.en_US
Publication Date2015-10-07
DescriptionPublisher's PDF.en_US
AbstractGenetic selection for enhanced growth rate in meat-type chickens (Gallus domesticus) is usually accompanied by excessive adiposity, which has negative impacts on both feed efficiency and carcass quality. Enhanced visceral fatness and several unique features of avian metabolism (i.e., fasting hyperglycemia and insulin insensitivity) mimic overt symptoms of obesity and related metabolic disorders in humans. Elucidation of the genetic and endocrine factors that contribute to excessive visceral fatness in chickens could also advance our understanding of human metabolic diseases. Here, RNA sequencing was used to examine differential gene expression in abdominal fat of genetically fat and lean chickens, which exhibit a 2.8-fold divergence in visceral fatness at 7 wk. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis revealed that many of 1687 differentially expressed genes are associated with hemostasis, endocrine function and metabolic syndrome in mammals. Among the highest expressed genes in abdominal fat, across both genotypes, were 25 differentially expressed genes associated with de novo synthesis and metabolism of lipids. Over-expression of numerous adipogenic and lipogenic genes in the FL chickens suggests that in situ lipogenesis in chickens could make a more substantial contribution to expansion of visceral fat mass than previously recognized. Distinguishing features of the abdominal fat transcriptome in lean chickens were high abundance of multiple hemostatic and vasoactive factors, transporters, and ectopic expression of several hormones/receptors, which could control local vasomotor tone and proteolytic processing of adipokines, hemostatic factors and novel endocrine factors. Over-expression of several thrombogenic genes in abdominal fat of lean chickens is quite opposite to the pro-thrombotic state found in obese humans. Clearly, divergent genetic selection for an extreme (2.5–2.8-fold) difference in visceral fatness provokes a number of novel regulatory responses that govern growth and metabolism of visceral fat in this unique avian model of juvenile-onset obesity and glucose-insulin imbalance.en_US
DepartmentUniversity of Delaware. Department of Animal and Food Sciences.en_US
DepartmentUniversity of Delaware. Center for Bioinformatics & Computational Biology.en_US
CitationResnyk CW, Chen C, Huang H, Wu CH, Simon J, Le Bihan-Duval E, et al. (2015) RNA-Seq Analysis of Abdominal Fat in Genetically Fat and Lean Chickens Highlights a Divergence in Expression of Genes Controlling Adiposity, Hemostasis, and Lipid Metabolism. PLoS ONE 10(10): e0139549. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0139549en_US
DOI10.1371/journal.pone.0139549en_US
ISSN1932-6203en_US
URLhttp://udspace.udel.edu/handle/19716/17677
Languageen_USen_US
PublisherPublic Library of Science (PLOS)en_US
dc.rightsCC BY 4.0en_US
dc.sourcePLOS Oneen_US
dc.source.urihttp://journals.plos.org/plosone/en_US
TitleRNA-Seq Analysis of Abdominal Fat in Genetically Fat and Lean Chickens Highlights a Divergence in Expression of Genes Controlling Adiposity, Hemostasis, and Lipid Metabolismen_US
TypeArticleen_US
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