Electrochemical deposition of vanadium and manganese oxides for use as positive electrodes in rechargable batteries
Date
2024
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Publisher
University of Delaware
Abstract
Energy storage technologies represent an essential component in redesigning the electric grid to mitigate CO2 emissions and mitigate climate change. Despite the substantial progress which has been made in recent years in electrification of the transportation industry, battery performance metrics such as the charging rate and time have hindered growth. Charging rate is closely linked to battery stability. For a given battery, charging at a faster rate requires greater overpotential which provides a greater thermodynamic driving force for reaction and promotes out of equilibrium reactions. Therefore, improvements in the stability of battery systems can also have implications for the charging rates which can be applied. The theoretical limits on battery capacity are largely tied to the material composition and crystallographic structure of electrodes, which for the positive electrode (cathodes) are related to the number of intercalation sites versus the weight and volume of the material. However, in practice the availability of these active sites during initial charge and their availability over time is substantially affected by issues in transport, crystal defects and transformations, and the stability of the electrode over time. Therefore, controlling stability and minimizing limitations in transport which hinder kinetics of charge/discharge represent crucial challenges in battery design.
Description
Keywords
Cathode, Manganese, Vanadium