Dynamics of Intra-Cell Thermal Front Propagation in Lithium-Ion Battery Safety Issues
Date
2024-08-09
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Advanced Energy Materials
Abstract
Thermal runaway (TR), a critical failure mode in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), poses significant safety risks and hinders wider application of LIBs. TR typically begins at a localized heat source and spreads across the cell. Understanding thermal front propagation (TFP) characteristics, such as front and velocity, is crucial for assessing energy release and temperature distribution for battery hazardous estimation. Recent studies assume that TR within cells propagates at a near-constant velocity, based on the reaction kinetics and thermal properties. Here, an intra-battery TR model is further proposed and it indicates that TFP velocity stabilizes when the front is distanced from the heat source. Theoretical estimates for propagation velocity and front are developed and validated through numerical simulations and experimental tests from the NREL Battery Failure Databank. The energy release rate during TFP and the impact of preheating based on a point heat source are explored. This work clarifies the long-standing clouds of the thermal font propagation behaviors within the single cell, highlights the power and beauty of mathematics modeling to describe the complicated thermal behaviors, and provides important guidelines for thermal hazardous understanding for next-generation batteries.
Description
This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Y. Jia, P. Zhao, D. P. Finegan, J. Xu, Dynamics of Intra-Cell Thermal Front Propagation in Lithium-Ion Battery Safety Issues. Adv. Energy Mater. 2024, 2400621. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202400621, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202400621. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley’s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited.
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Keywords
lithium-ion batteries, mathematical modeling, propagation front, safety issues, thermal runaway
Citation
Y. Jia, P. Zhao, D. P. Finegan, J. Xu, Dynamics of Intra-Cell Thermal Front Propagation in Lithium-Ion Battery Safety Issues. Adv. Energy Mater. 2024, 2400621. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202400621