Design of secure communications LIN-CP for V2G in EV charging systems

Abstract

The increasing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has accelerated the development of Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) systems, which enable bidirectional energy exchange between EVs and the electric grid. Reliable and secure communication between electric vehicles and electrical vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) is essential to coordinate these interactions. This thesis focuses on the LIN-CP protocol, a lightweight communication framework defined in SAE J3068 series for AC charging applications. Although LIN-CP offers a cost-effective and interoperable approach to EV-EVSE communication, it lacks security features such as encryption, integrity protection, and authentication. ☐ This thesis proposes a conceptual secure messaging extension for LIN-CP, which integrates lightweight cryptographic mechanisms such as authenticated key exchange (AKE) and authenticated encryption (AEAD). The proposed solution is designed to operate within LIN-CP’s scheduling and bandwidth constraints while preserving compatibility with existing protocol specifications. ☐ By outlining the structure and function of LIN-CP and presenting a feasible direction for protocol-level security enhancement, this work contributes to the growing need for secure, scalable, and cost-effective communication standards in V2G ecosystems.