The LED calibration systems for the mDOM and D-Egg sensor modules of the IceCube Upgrade: Design, production, testing and use in module calibration

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dc.contributor.authorAbbasi, R.
dc.contributor.authorAckermann, M.
dc.contributor.authorAdams, J.
dc.contributor.authoret al.
dc.date.accessioned2025-12-10T22:53:46Z
dc.date.available2025-12-10T22:53:46Z
dc.date.issued2025-11-28
dc.description©2025 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd on behalf of Sissa Media lab. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This article was originally published in Journal of Instrumentation (JINST). The version of record is available at: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/20/11/P11026
dc.description.abstract: The IceCube Neutrino Observatory, instrumenting about 1km3 of deep, glacial ice at the geographic South Pole, is due to be enhanced with the IceCube Upgrade. The IceCube Upgrade, to be deployedduringthe2025/26Antarcticsummerseason,willconsistofsevennewstringsofphotosensors, densely embedded near the bottom center of the existing array. Aside from a world-leading sensitivity to neutrino oscillations, a primary goal is the improvement of the calibration of the optical properties of the instrumented ice. This calibration will be applied to the entire archive of IceCube data, improving the angular and energy resolution of the detected neutrino events. For this purpose, the Upgrade strings include a host of new calibration devices. Aside from dedicated calibration modules, several thousand LED flashers have been incorporated into the photosensor modules. We describe the design, production, and testing of these LED flashers before their integration into the sensor modules as well as the use of the LED flashers during lab testing of assembled sensor modules. Keywords: Analogue electronic circuits; Detector alignment and calibration methods (lasers, sources, particle-beams); Instrumentation and methods for time-of-flight (TOF) spectroscopy
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors gratefully acknowledge the support from the following agencies and institutions: U.S.A. — U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs, U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division, U.S. National Science Foundation-EPSCoR, U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure, Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Open Science Grid (OSG), Partnership to Advance Throughput Computing (PATh), Advanced Cyberinfrastructure Coordination Ecosystem: Services & Support (ACCESS), Frontera and Ranch computing project at the Texas Advanced Computing Center, U.S. Department of Energy-National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, Particle astrophysics research computing center at the University of Maryland, Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research at Michigan State University, Astroparticle physics computational facility at Marquette University, NVIDIA Corporation, and Google Cloud Platform; Belgium — Funds for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS and FWO), FWO Odysseus and Big Science programmes, and Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); Germany — Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche For schungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Helmholtz Alliance for Astro particle Physics (HAP), Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), and High Performance Computing cluster of the RWTH Aachen and PRISMA Detector Lab at the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Sweden — Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut andAlice Wallenberg Foundation; EuropeanUnion—EGIA dvanced Computing for research ;Australia —Australian Research Council; Canada — Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Calcul Québec, Compute Ontario, Canada Foundation for Innovation, West Grid, and Digital Research Alliance of Canada; Denmark — Villum Fonden, Carlsberg Foundation, and European Commission; New Zealand — Marsden Fund; Japan — Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) and Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) of Chiba University; Korea — National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Switzerland — Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF).
dc.identifier.citationAbbasi, R., M. Ackermann, J. Adams, et al. “The LED Calibration Systems for the mDOM and D-Egg Sensor Modules of the IceCube Upgrade: Design, Production, Testing and Use in Module Calibration.” Journal of Instrumentation 20, no. 11 (2025): P11026. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/20/11/P11026.
dc.identifier.issn1748-0221
dc.identifier.urihttps://udspace.udel.edu/handle/19716/36786
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherJournal of Instrumentation (JINST)
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectAnalogue electronic circuits
dc.subjectDetector alignment and calibration methods (lasers
dc.subjectsources
dc.subjectparticle-beams)
dc.subjectInstrumentation and methods for time-of-flight (TOF) spectroscopy
dc.titleThe LED calibration systems for the mDOM and D-Egg sensor modules of the IceCube Upgrade: Design, production, testing and use in module calibration
dc.typeArticle

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