Magnetospheric multiscale observations of electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves associated with cold ion heating in the Earth’s magnetosphere

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Author(s)Abid, A. A.
Author(s)Qamar, K.
Author(s)Ahmad, Nisar
Author(s)Waheed, A
Author(s)Hussain, M.S.
Author(s)Qureshi, M. N. S.
Author(s)Esmaeili, Amin
Author(s)Alotaibi, B.M
Author(s)Ishaque, Ommair
Author(s)Li, Xiaojie
Author(s)Yao, Guang-Rui
Author(s)Ji, Yan-Fang
Date Accessioned2025-07-31T17:44:18Z
Date Available2025-07-31T17:44:18Z
Publication Date2025-07-25
DescriptionThis article was originally published in AIP Advances. The version of record is available at: DOI https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0287326 © 2025 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
AbstractElectromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves play a significant role in shaping the dynamics of Earth’s magnetosphere. On September 13, 2015, EMIC wave activity within the proton band was detected in the inner magnetosphere through observations made by the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission. These waves are understood to arise due to thermal anisotropy in populations of hot protons. Data indicate that EMIC waves extend across a broad range of L shell values in the aftermath of three successive geomagnetic storms, implying that the free energy source responsible for their generation is most likely linked to the injection of energetic ions during storm time intervals. Consequently, it is important to include EMIC wave effects into radiation belt modeling, especially during extended magnetic storm periods and the substorm recovery phase when electric fields are produced. When EMIC waves are intense enough, cold protons and helium ions with low energy can be activated by them. During one observed event, both perpendicular and parallel heating of hydrogen ions by the hydrogen band EMIC waves were recorded. Furthermore, these hydrogen-band EMIC waves were also found to contribute to the heating of helium ions. As a result of this heating mechanism, ions that were previously below detection thresholds become observable, accompanied by a rise in both number density as well as temperature anisotropy of hydrogen and helium ions within the low-energy range of 1–100 eV.
SponsorThe authors express their gratitude to the Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project (Grant No. PNUR-SP2025R32), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
CitationA. A. Abid, K. Qamar, Nisar Ahmad, A. Waheed, M. S. Hussain, M. N. S. Qureshi, Amin Esmaeili, B. M. Alotaibi, Ommair Ishaque, Xiaojie Li, Guang-Rui Yao, Yan-Fang Ji; Magnetospheric multiscale observations of electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves associated with cold ion heating in the Earth’s magnetosphere. AIP Advances 1 July 2025; 15 (7): 075237. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0287326
ISSN2158-3226
URLhttps://udspace.udel.edu/handle/19716/36447
Languageen_US
PublisherAIP Advances
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
KeywordsInner magnetosphere
KeywordsCosmic rays
KeywordsPhysical radiation effects
KeywordsCyclotrons
KeywordsMagnetic storms
KeywordsMagnetic substorms
KeywordsMagnetopause
KeywordsPlasmas
KeywordsPlasmasphere
KeywordsSolar wind
TitleMagnetospheric multiscale observations of electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves associated with cold ion heating in the Earth’s magnetosphere
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