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Disaster Planning, Emergency Management, And Civil Protection: The Historical Development And Current Characteristics Of Organized Efforts To Prevent And To Respond To Disasters
Description: This article discusses how societies and their subdivisions (particularly at the community
level) organize themselves for protection against and response to disasters and related
collective crises of a peacetime nature. Complicating our presentation is that there is not
much agreement even on the label designating these social arrangements. While "civil
protection" is a term widely used in Europe, in many other countries around the world, the
organized efforts to cope with collective threats are called "emergency management" or
"disaster planning." There is a substantial but not complete overlap in referent among
these three terms. Also, we will specifically examine the relationship between the
phenomena called "civil protection" and "civil defense," the last being a term first applied
to nonmilitary preparations for civilian involvement in wartime situations.
